Assessment of prevalence and pattern of comorbidities in hospitalized patients with uncontrolled hyperglycemia in Western Odisha

Abstract

Diabetes, especially type 2 diabetes, is one of the main global health problems and accounts for the highest morbidity and mortality worldwide. Due to its significant impacts on human life in terms of morbidity and health expenditures, diabetes has become a major public health concern worldwide. Apart from microvascular and macrovascular complications, other comorbidities found frequently in patients with diabetes are hypertension, obesity, chronic kidney disease, stroke, coronary heart disease, hypothyroidism, rheumatoid arthritis, chronic pulmonary disease and cancer. This was a hospital-based cross-sectional study to assess comorbidities in indoor patients of the Department of Medicine. All patients admitted with a history of diabetes or newly detected diabetes were identified, and relevant information was collected in a predesigned and pretested questionnaire. A total of 320 patients were assessed during the study period, of whom 52% were males and 48% were females. Most patients were in the age group of 51-60, followed by the 61-70 and 41-50 age groups. Hypertension was the most prevalent comorbidity, followed by dyslipidemia and chronic kidney disease. Approximately 42% of patients had one comorbidity, and 37% had two comorbidities simultaneously. The prevalence of comorbidities was higher and glycemic control was more compromised in those who had diabetes for a prolonged period.